染雾化学专业名词的英语词汇 篇一
Chemical Terminology in English
Introduction:
Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the composition, properties, and reactions of substances. As a chemical professional, it is essential to have a strong understanding of the terminology used in the field. In this article, we will explore some common chemical terms in English.
1. Element:
An element is a substance made up of atoms with the same number of protons. Each element is represented by a unique symbol, such as H for hydrogen and O for oxygen.
2. Compound:
A compound is a substance composed of two or more different elements chemically combined. For example, water (H2O) is a compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
3. Molecule:
A molecule is the smallest unit of a compound that retains its chemical properties. It consists of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. For instance, a water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.
4. Reactant:
A reactant is a substance that undergoes a chemical reaction. It is consumed during the reaction and is converted into products. For example, in the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to form water, hydrogen and oxygen are the reactants.
5. Product:
A product is a substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction. It is produced from the reactants. In the previous example, water is the product of the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.
6. Catalyst:
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. It works by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. Catalysts play a crucial role in many industrial processes.
7. Acid:
An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a chemical reaction. It typically has a sour taste and can react with bases to form salts. Examples of acids include sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
8. Base:
A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a chemical reaction. Bases often have a bitter taste and a slippery feel. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and ammonia (NH3) are common examples of bases.
Conclusion:
These are just a few examples of the chemical terminology used in the field of chemistry. Understanding these terms is crucial for effective communication and a deeper understanding of the subject. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you will be better equipped to navigate the world of chemistry in the English language.
化学专业名词的英语词汇 篇二
Chemical Terminology in English
Introduction:
Chemistry is a vast field with a wide range of specialized terms used to describe various processes and concepts. In this article, we will explore some advanced chemical terminology in English.
1. Stoichiometry:
Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It involves calculating the amounts of substances involved and their ratios.
2. Equilibrium:
Equilibrium refers to a state in a chemical reaction where the rate of the forward reaction is balanced by the rate of the reverse reaction. At equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time.
3. Acid dissociation constant (Ka):
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, is a measure of the strength of an acid. It quantifies the extent to which an acid donates protons in a solution. A higher value of Ka indicates a stronger acid.
4. Redox reaction:
A redox reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the transfer of electrons between reactants. It consists of two half-reactions: oxidation (loss of electrons) and reduction (gain of electrons).
5. Enthalpy:
Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property that represents the heat content of a system. It is often used to describe the energy changes that occur during a chemical reaction. The change in enthalpy, ΔH, can be positive or negative, indicating an endothermic or exothermic reaction, respectively.
6. Kinetics:
Kinetics is the study of the rates of chemical reactions and the factors that influence them. It involves measuring the change in concentration of reactants or products over time and determining the rate constant.
7. Spectroscopy:
Spectroscopy is a technique used to study the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. It provides information about the structure, composition, and properties of substances. Common spectroscopic techniques include infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
8. Polymerization:
Polymerization is a process in which small molecules, called monomers, join together to form a large macromolecule known as a polymer. This process is essential in the production of plastics, fibers, and other polymeric materials.
Conclusion:
These advanced chemical terms provide a deeper understanding of the complex processes and concepts in chemistry. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you will be able to communicate more effectively and navigate the field of chemistry with confidence. Keep exploring and expanding your knowledge to excel in the fascinating world of chemistry.
化学专业名词的英语词汇 篇三
关于化学专业名词的英语词汇
1. reagent 反应力 反应物
2. element 元素 成分 Water is made of two element： oxygen and hydroge
3. compound 化合物
4. molecule 分子 摩尔
5. electron 电子
6. isotope 同位素 核素
7. polymer 聚合体
8. alloy 合金
9. metal 金属
10. metalloid 非金属
11. derivative 衍生物
12. alkali 碱金属
13. hydrate 水合物
14. action 作用 Catalysis are sometimes used to accelerate chemical action.
15. adhesive 粘合剂 胶粘的
16. alchemy 炼金术
17. biochemistry 生物化学
18. bleach 去色 漂白 Please soak shirts in bleach to remove the stains.
19. blast 爆破 The village was blast by enemy bombs.
20. calcium 钙
21. carbon 碳
22. catalysis 催化作用
23. caustic 腐蚀性的 Some chemicals are caustic by nature.
24. combination 化合 组合 The safe combination of the two chemicals required a complicated chemical process./ This is a combination of two powerful ingredients.
