染雾医学物理学英语词汇 篇一
Medical Physics Vocabulary
Introduction:
Medical physics is a branch of physics that applies the principles and methods of physics to the field of medicine. It plays a crucial role in healthcare, contributing to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. In this article, we will explore some important medical physics vocabulary.
Radiation:
1. Ionizing radiation: High-energy radiation that can remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, leading to the formation of ions. It includes X-rays, gamma rays, and certain types of particles.
2. Non-ionizing radiation: Radiation that does not have enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, therefore not causing ionization. Examples include ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible light, and radio waves.
Imaging:
1. Radiography: The use of X-rays to produce images of the internal structures of the body. It is commonly used for the diagnosis of fractures, lung diseases, and dental problems.
2. Computed Tomography (CT): A medical imaging technique that uses X-rays and computer algorithms to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body. It provides valuable information for the diagnosis of various conditions, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
3. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): A non-invasive imaging technique that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images of the body. It is particularly useful for visualizing soft tissues and organs, such as the brain, muscles, and joints.
Radiotherapy:
1. External beam radiotherapy: The delivery of radiation from a machine outside the body to target and destroy cancer cells. It is one of the most common treatment options for cancer.
2. Brachytherapy: A form of radiotherapy where radioactive sources are placed directly inside or near the tumor. It allows for a more precise targeting of cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissues.
Dosimetry:
1. Absorbed dose: The amount of energy deposited in a material per unit mass. In medical physics, it refers to the amount of radiation energy absorbed by the body tissues.
2. Dose equivalent: A quantity that takes into account the biological effectiveness of different types of radiation. It is used to assess the potential health risks associated with exposure to radiation.
Conclusion:
These are just a few examples of medical physics vocabulary. Understanding these terms is essential for healthcare professionals working in medical physics, as well as for patients who want to have a better understanding of their diagnosis and treatment options. Medical physics continues to advance, contributing to the improvement of healthcare outcomes and patient safety.
医学物理学英语词汇 篇二
Medical Physics Vocabulary: Applications and Challenges
Introduction:
Medical physics, a field that combines physics and medicine, plays a critical role in various aspects of healthcare. In this article, we will explore some medical physics vocabulary related to its applications and challenges.
Radiation Therapy:
1. Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT): A technique that delivers precise radiation doses to tumors while minimizing the dose to surrounding healthy tissues. It uses computer algorithms to optimize the radiation beam shapes and intensities.
2. Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS): A non-invasive procedure that delivers a high dose of radiation to a small target in the brain or other parts of the body. It is commonly used for the treatment of brain tumors and vascular malformations.
3. Proton therapy: A type of radiation therapy that uses protons instead of X-rays. Protons have unique physical properties that allow for more precise targeting of tumors, reducing the dose to nearby healthy tissues.
Medical Imaging:
1. Positron Emission Tomography (PET): A molecular imaging technique that uses radioactive tracers to visualize metabolic processes in the body. It is commonly used for the diagnosis and staging of cancer.
2. Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT): An imaging technique that uses radioactive tracers to detect gamma rays emitted by the tracers. It provides functional information about organs and tissues.
Quality Assurance:
1. Treatment planning: The process of determining the optimal radiation dose and treatment technique for a specific patient. It involves analyzing medical images, such as CT scans, and simulating the treatment delivery.
2. Quality control: The ongoing monitoring and evaluation of the equipment and processes used in medical physics. It ensures that the radiation therapy machines are functioning properly and delivering accurate doses.
Radiation Protection:
1. ALARA principle: As Low As Reasonably Achievable principle, which aims to minimize radiation exposure to patients, healthcare workers, and the general public. It involves using appropriate shielding, optimizing imaging protocols, and following safety guidelines.
2. Radiation safety officer: A designated individual responsible for overseeing the radiation safety program in a healthcare facility. They ensure compliance with regulations, monitor radiation levels, and provide education and training.
Conclusion:
Medical physics vocabulary is essential for understanding the applications and challenges of this field. From radiation therapy to medical imaging and radiation protection, medical physics continues to contribute to the advancement of healthcare, improving patient outcomes and safety. With ongoing research and technological advancements, medical physics will play an even more significant role in the future.
医学物理学英语词汇 篇三
医学物理学英语词汇
导语：以下是小编为大家精心整理的.医学物理学英语词汇，欢迎大家阅读参考!
permeability of vacuum 真空磁导率
permittivity (dielectric constant) 电容率(介电常量)
phase 相位
photon 光子
polaroid 偏振片
potential energy 势能
precession 旋进(进动)，向前运动
probability density 概率密度
quantization 量子化
quantum 量子
quantum mechanics 量子力学
quantum number 量子数
resistivity 电阻率
resolving power 分辨力
scattering of light 光的散射
simple harmonic wave 简谐波
sound wave 声波
spin 自旋
electric flux 电通量?
electric potential 电势?
electric potential difference 电势差?
electric potential energy 电势能?
electric susceptibility 电极化率?
electromagnetic induction 电磁感应?
electromagnetic wave 电磁波?
electromotive force
elliptically polarized light 椭圆偏振光 ?
normalization 归一化,正常化
numerical aperture 孔径数
optical activity 旋光性
optical axis 光轴
optical dispersion 旋光色散
optical path 光程
optical thickness 光学厚度
orbital magnetic moment 轨道磁矩
period 周期
permeability 磁导率，通透性
energy density 能量密度?
standing wave 驻波
stationary state 定态
steady current 稳恒电流
steady flow 稳定流动(定常流动)
surface energy 表面能
surface tension 表面张力
absorption 吸收,吸收作用
absorption coefficient 吸收系数
electric dipole 电偶极子?
electric dipole moment 电偶极矩?
electric field 电场?
electric field intensity 电场强度(场强) ?
energy flux 能流?
energy level 能级?
equilibrium state 平衡态?
